How is SO2 measured in wine?
Levels of SO2 are measured in milligrams per liter (mg/l) which is the same as saying parts per million (ppm). Example: 45 mg/l = 45 ppm. Use is somewhat more important in white wines as they have less of other antioxidants than do red wines.
How much SO2 do you add to red wine?
0.8 mg/l of molecular SO2 is considered the needed amount for white wine and 0.5 mg/l for red wine.
How do you test free SO2 in wine?
In the AO method, a wine sample is placed in a flask and phosphoric acid is added to force the sulfite ion into molecular SO2. A small air pump pushes air bubbles through the sample. Since sulfur dioxide is a gas, it dissolves in the air stream and transfers to a trapping solution.
How much SO2 do I add to must?
At crush, a rule of thumb is used. Generally, 25-75 ppm SO2 added to must/juice will keep microbial load and enzymatic browning in check. There are several factors to consider when deciding the most effective dose, especially the pH of the juice and the condition of the fruit.
What is free SO2 in wine?
Total Sulfur Dioxide
Simply put, Total Sulfur Dioxide (TSO2) is the portion of SO2 that is free in the wine plus the portion that is bound to other chemicals in the wine such as aldehydes, pigments, or sugars.
How do you make SO2?
It is produced from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) and the smelting of mineral ores (aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, and iron) that contain sulfur. Sulfur dioxide dissolves easily in water to form sulfuric acid.
What happens if you add too much SO2 in wine?
This bound sulfite will do nothing to protect the wine. It is just there, and will remain there. As doses of potassium metabisulfite or Campden tablets are added throughout the wine making process, the amount of bound sulfite builds up. If it builds up too much you can actually taste it in the wine.
What is free SO2 and total SO2?
In winemaking, the use of sulfur dioxide (SO2) is critical. Simply put, Total Sulfur Dioxide (TSO2) is the portion of SO2 that is free in the wine plus the portion that is bound to other chemicals in the wine such as aldehydes, pigments, or sugars.
What is total SO2 in wine?
Simply put, Total Sulfur Dioxide (TSO2) is the portion of SO2 that is free in the wine plus the portion that is bound to other chemicals in the wine such as aldehydes, pigments, or sugars.
How do you reduce SO2 in wine?
The removal of sulfur dioxide from wine using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an effective, and if performed carefully, safe procedure. The H2O2 reacts with the free SO2 in the wine, oxidising it to sulfate. After such removal, further free SO2 may be generated from the remaining bound fraction.
